The current mirror Q 4 and Q 5 in the collector of Q 2 and Q 3 is the active load of the LTP. This stage highlighted in red color is formed by Q 1, Q 2, Q 3, Q 4, Q 5, R 1, R 2, R 3, and C 1: 1.2.1 JRC4558 Long Tailed Pair Differential Amplifier.The Long Tail Pair phase inverter or Schmit is formed by a pair of identical and matched PNP transistors in common emitter configuration (Q 2 and Q 3). Q 1 is a plain current PNP constant current source.1.2 JRC4558 Input Stage:The input stage is formed by a Long Tailed Pair (LTP) differential amplifier with a current mirror. Q 13 and Q 7 are configured as a classic current mirror, meaning that the current through Q 13 (I 13) will be mirrored in Q 7, making I 13 = I 7. The circuit operates as a constant current source:The external current mirror load of this current source is connected to the collector so that almost the same current flows through it and the emitter resistor.
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